Azure Storage Encryption (at rest)

What it is

Azure Storage encryption (SSE) automatically encrypts all data at rest in storage using 256-bit AES — enabled by default and unable to be disabled. It covers blobs, Azure Files, queues, tables, and managed disks.

Why it exists

To satisfy compliance and security requirements: your data is encrypted on disk without any extra setup, and encryption/decryption is fully transparent (transparent data encryption, no application changes, no performance penalty).

Key ideas

  • On by default — you cannot turn it off, and it costs nothing extra.
  • Key management models:
    • Microsoft-managed keys (default, service-side) — Azure holds the keys.
    • Customer-managed keys (CMK) — you bring keys held in Azure Key Vault; rotate/control them yourself.
    • Customer-provided keys (CPK) — for blobs only; you supply the key with each request (encryption on a per-request basis, key never stored).
  • Infrastructure encryption (optional) — double encryption: a second layer of 256-bit AES in addition to the default one.
  • Encryption scopes — scope key management to a container or an individual blob (e.g. separate CMK per scope).
  • Data in transit is a separate concern (TLS 1.2/1.3, SMB over encryption) — this feature is for at-rest data.

How it fits (diagram)

Exam notes

  • SSE is always-on, transparent, free, and cannot be disabled — don’t claim “you must enable encryption.”
  • Covers all storage services at rest (blobs, files, queues, tables) plus managed disks.
  • For key control/compliance, choose customer-managed keys in Key Vault; infrastructure encryption for double encryption.

storage-account · key-vault · blob-storage · azure-files · azure-tables · azure-queues

📘 Source: Microsoft Learn — Azure Storage encryption